Sunday, December 6, 2009

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Ghosts of Trianon.


Ghosts of Trianon.


Annie Moberly and Eleanor Jourdain.


Ghosts Ghosts of Versailles and Trianon means an experience in 1901 in the gardens of the Petit Trianon by two Englishwomen who viewed it as paranormal.



We August 10, 1901 in the afternoon. Annie Moberly Main St. Hugh's College Hall, third women's college at the University of Oxford (United Kingdom) and Eleanor Jourdain Vice-Principal of the college visit the castle of Versailles and the park.
Then they go beyond the Grand Trianon and seek to win the Petit Trianon, they spotted on the threshold of a door a woman shaking a white cloth. Besides a plow and other tools seem abandonnés1. Later, two men wearing tricorn hats and dressed in long coats gray-green, spade in hand, stand near a brouette2: gardeners think they are. The two misses ask them their way: they answer them all to continue droit.Le overcast and stormy. The atmosphere is heavy. The two visitors feel a growing sense of concern but does not share his feelings to another. The landscape becomes unreal like a tapisserie.Un man sitting on the steps of a small kiosk turns his head at the approach of two ladies: his face is corrupted, sinister and repoussant3. Then another man, curly hair under a wide-brimmed hat and wrapped in a black cloak came running and said, 'Ladies, do not pass this way but by then he must turn right . Look for the maison'4. The visitors arrived near a small house with closed shutters: a lady on the lawn seems to read or draw. Her hair is blond and she wears a white straw hat. She is wearing a dress and a scarf draped on his grave Green épaules5. Both Women continue their path and reach the height of the next house. A door opens, pulls out a young man who gives the impression of being a serviteur6. They want to apologize, thinking on private property, but the man takes them close to the Trianon where they are suddenly surrounded by a noce.Mais the story does not end there: Miss Jordan will return only two times on the site. On 2 January 1902, she saw two men dressed in tunics that fill a cart of firewood. She also heard voices of women as a strange sound musique7.


few days later, Miss Moberly, still plagued by the feeling of fear and unreality of Versailles, expressed in Miss Jordan and asked him if he does not feel that the premises are, somehow, "haunted" . Eleanor confirms his sense of unease during the visit. They then questioned the scope cloak oddly by the man with curly hair in this hot day, his attitude, his amused them now seem strange and unnatural. But it was only in November, when Eleanor Jordan went to Oxford where Annie has been three months resumed his duties as director, they discussed at greater length experience. The fact that Eleanor had only seen the wife and little daughter Annie, and that only the designer has seen the disorder. Miss Moberly, precisely, has seen a portrait of Marie Antoinette by Wertmüller the queen felt was eerily similar to, face and clothes, the woman of the lawn. She inquires with a French woman who confirmed that the rumors long since the presence of the ghost of Marie Antoinette at Versailles.
They return to Versailles in 1902. The places they look different and they learn that Marie-Antoinette at the Petit Trianon was October 5, 1789 when he announced the people's march to Versailles. The January 2, they still have strange perceptions, including that of music they try to recall for identification. It assures them that this is a style of the 1780s. They still visit the area once the Petit Trianon in 1904. During their research, they think to remember the presence of a plow that did not exist in 1901, and a bridge they had crossed and gone, and they discover that the "gardeners" wore a suit similar to the Swiss Guards of the Queen and the door where the servant came out to pay for a long time, they identify human syphilitic face as the Count of Vaudreuil.


Breakfast supplement: Analogies troubling. Research into the adventure of two English shows the following:


- 1No there was no plow Trianon in 1901


- 2The guards thirteenth century wore green outfits well, they were not gardeners!


- 3L'homme botched face would be the Comte de Vaudreuil.


- 4L'homme who ran and spoke of the 'home': Golden Queen Marie-Antoinette (1755-1793) called the Petit Trianon his 'house of Trianon'.


- 5The lady sitting on the lawn evokes the portrait of Marie Antoinette, painted in 1788 by Ulrik Aldolf Wertmüller.


- 6The chapel door through which came the young man had not been open since 1892.


- 7The music heard by Eleanor Jordan in 1902 was typical of scores composed in 1780.

SOURCE: http://www.histoiresinsolites.com/

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Athens Charter.

The Athens Charter for the Restoration of Historic Monuments.

Adopted at the First International Congress of Architects and Technicians Historic Monuments, Athens 1931.

seven main resolutions were presented to Congress in Athens and called "Carta del Restauro"
  1. International organizations providing advice and acting on an operational level in the field of restoration of historical monuments to be created .
  2. Restoration projects should be subjected to criticism to avoid errors leading to loss of character and historical values of the monuments.
  3. In each state, the problems conservation of historic sites must be resolved by national legislation.
  4. Excavated sites which are not subject to immediate restoration should be reburied for their protection.
  5. techniques and modern materials can be used for restoration work.
  6. Historic sites must be protected by a strict system guarding.
  7. The protection of areas surrounding historic sites should be given special attention.
Conclusions of the Athens Conference, 21-30 October 1931.

General conclusions.

I. - Doctrines. General principles.
The Conference heard the statement of general principles and doctrines relating to the Protection of Monuments.
Whatever the diversity of cases which each species may have a solution, it was found that in the different countries represented predominantly a general tendency to abandon restorations in toto and to avoid risks by establishing a regular and permanent maintenance calculated to ensure the conservation of buildings.
If a restoration is necessary due to damage or destruction, she recommends following the historic and artistic work of the past, without excluding the style of any era.
The Conference recommends maintaining the occupation of the buildings, which ensures the continuity of their lives by devoting however assignments that meet their historic or artistic character.

II. - Administration and legislation of historic monuments.
The Conference heard the statement of legislative purpose is to protect the monuments of historical, artistic or scientific work belonging to different nations.
It unanimously approved the general tendency which, in this respect a right of the community vis-à-vis private property.
It found that the differences between these laws due to the difficulty of reconciling public law and private rights.
Consequently, while approving the general tendency of these laws, it considers they must be appropriate to local circumstances and the state of public opinion in order to meet the least opposition possible, taking into account the owners of the sacrifices they are called to stand in the public interest .
It recommends that in each public authority is empowered to take in case of emergency protective measures.
She sincerely hopes that the International Museums Office will publish a repertory and a comparative table of the laws in force in different States and keep up to date.
III. - Enhancement of monuments.
The Conference recommends that respect, the construction of buildings in the character and appearance of cities, particularly in the vicinity of ancient monuments whose family must be the object of special care. Even certain groupings and certain particularly picturesque perspective treatment should be preserved. It is also necessary to study the ornamental vegetation most suited to certain monuments or groups of monuments to preserve their ancient character.
She recommends the suppression of all advertising, presence of any abusive posts or son Telegraph, of all noisy factories and even of tall shafts in the vicinity of monuments of art or history.
IV. - The restoration materials.
The experts heard various communications concerning the use of modern materials for the consolidation of ancient buildings.
They approved the judicious use of all resources of modern technique and more especially of reinforced concrete.
They specified that this consolidation should be concealed where possible, in order not to alter the appearance and character of the building to restore.
They recommended especially in cases where they can avoid the dangers of dismantling and reinstating the portions to be retained.
V. - The deterioration of monuments.
The Conference notes that, under the conditions of modern life, monuments throughout the world are increasingly threatened by weather.
Outside the usual precautions and solutions successfully applied in the preservation of monumental statuary in current methods, we can not, given the complexity of cases in the state current knowledge, to formulate general rules.
The Conference recommends:
  1. collaboration in each country, conservatives and architectural monuments with representatives of the physical sciences, chemical and natural methods to achieve applicable to different cases.
  2. It recommends that the International Museums Office to keep abreast of the work undertaken in each country in this field and make room in its publications.
The Conference, as regards the preservation of monumental sculpture, considers that the removal of works in the context in which they were created is a "principle" regrettable.
It recommends, as a precaution, preservation, if they exist yet, the original models and default execution core.
VI. - The technique of conservation.
The Conference notes with satisfaction that the principles and techniques outlined in detail the various communications are based on a common trend, namely:
case of ruins, scrupulous conservation required, with replacement of original elements found (anastylosis) whenever the case permits; new materials needed for this purpose should be recognizable. When the preservation of ruins brought to light during a search can not be recognized, it is advisable to bury them again after obviously taking accurate readings.
It goes without saying that the technology and conservation of a search require the close collaboration of archaeologist and architect.
regard to other monuments, the experts unanimously agreed that, before any consolidation or partial restoration, analysis scrupulous diseases of these monuments. They recognized that each case would normally constitute a particular case.
VII. The conservation of monuments and international collaboration
a) Technical cooperation and moral.
The Conference believes that the preservation of archaeological and artistic heritage of humanity that interests the community of States, the guardian of civilization
Hopes that the States, acting in the spirit of the Covenant of the League of Nations, lend themselves increasingly extensive collaboration and more concrete to promote conservation of monuments of art and history;
Considers it highly desirable that qualified institutions and associations should, without any manner whatsoever prejudicing international public law, express interest in the preservation of masterpieces in which the civilization has been expressed at the highest level and who seem threatened;
Expresses the wish that requests to that effect, subject to the organization of Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations, be recommended to the earnest attention of States .
It belongs to the International Commission of Cooperation intellectual, upon investigation by the International Museums Office and after having collected all relevant information, including from the National Commission on Intellectual Cooperation in question, to decide on the expediency of the steps to be taken and the procedure to be followed in each case particular.
Members of the Conference, after having visited in the course of their work and study cruise they have done on this occasion, several of the major excavation sites and ancient monuments of Greece, were unanimous in paying tribute to the Hellenic Government, who for many years, at the same time he assured himself of considerable work, has accepted the collaboration of archaeologists and experts from all countries.
They saw an example that will contribute to achieving the aims of intellectual co-operation with their need had arisen during their work.
b) The role of education in the respect of monuments.
The Conference is deeply convinced that the best guarantee of preservation of monuments and works of art derives from the respect and attachment of peoples themselves.
Considering that these feelings can be facilitated by an appropriate government.
Expresses the hope that educators Children and young people to abstain from disfiguring monuments of any kind, and learn to better engage, in general, protection of evidence civilization.
c) Value of international documentation.
The Conference expresses the wish that:
  1. Each state or institution established or recognized organizations to this end, publish an inventory of ancient monuments, with photographs and explanatory notes;
  2. Each country constitute official records which shall contain all documents relating to its historic monuments;
  3. Each State shall file with the Office International des museum publications;
  4. The Agency devotes its publications to articles on general processes and methods of conservation of historic monuments;
  5. The Office study the best use of information and centralized.

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NARA Document on Authenticity.

Preamble

  1. We, the experts assembled in Nara (Japan), wish to acknowledge generosity and intellectual vision of the Japanese authorities have spared us the opportunity of a meeting intended to challenge traditional notions become in conservation of cultural heritage and to initiate a debate on ways and means to expand horizons in the perspective of ensuring greater respect, diversity of cultures and heritages in the practice of conservation.

  2. We appreciated at its true value under discussion proposed by the World Heritage Committee. It declared its willingness to implement, when considering registration applications submitted to it, a concept of authenticity respectful of cultural and social values of all countries.

  3. The Nara Document on Authenticity is conceived in the spirit of the Charter of Venice, 1964. Based on this charter, it is a conceptual extension. He acknowledges the essential place occupied today, in almost all societies, cultural heritage.
  4. In a world beset by the forces of globalization and homogenization, and in which the search for cultural identity is sometimes pursued through aggressive nationalism and the elimination of minority cultures, the contribution first consideration of authenticity, as in the conservation of cultural heritage, to respect and highlight all facets of the collective memory of humanity.


Cultural Diversity and Heritage Diversity

  1. The diversity of cultures and heritage culture is a rich intellectual and spiritual richness for all humankind. It must be recognized as an essential aspect of its development. Not only protection, but also its promotion, remain fundamentals of human development.
  2. This diversity is expressed both in time and space for both crops for their livelihoods are linked. Where the differences between cultures are the cause of conflicts, respect for cultural diversity demands acknowledgment of the legitimacy of the values of all the parties involved.
  3. cultures and societies are rooted in different forms and modes of expression, both tangible and intangible, which constitute their heritage. These forms and procedures must be followed.
  4. It is important to recall that UNESCO considers as a fundamental principle that the cultural heritage of each is the cultural heritage of all. In this way, the responsibilities of wealth, and how to manage it belong to the charge. However, adherence to the charters and conventions on cultural heritage constitutes acceptance of obligations and ethical are the basis of these conventions and charters. Thus, the weighting of specific requirements in respect of the same heritage is highly desirable, but it does not undermine their fundamental cultural values of these communities.


Values and authenticity

  1. The conservation of cultural heritage in all its forms and from all periods is rooted in the values attributed to the heritage. The most accurate perception of these values depends, inter alia, the credibility of sources of information about them. Their knowledge, understanding and interpretation in relation to original and subsequent characteristics of heritage, as well as its historical significance, based on the judgments of authenticity and the work in question is as much about form as the material of the property.
  2. Authenticity, as well considered and affirmed in the Charter of Venice, appears as the essential qualifying factor concerning the credibility of information sources available. Its role is crucial as well in all scientific studies, in conservation and restoration in the procedure inscription on the World Heritage List or in any other cultural heritage inventories.
  3. All judgments about values attributed to cultural factors as credibility of information sources may differ from culture to culture, and even within the same culture. It is therefore possible that the judgments of value and authenticity that are relevant to them are based on fixed criteria. On the contrary, the respect due to all cultures requires that heritage properties must considered and judged against the criteria that characterize the cultural context to which it belongs.
  4. Consequently, it is of utmost importance and urgency that, in every culture, the specific nature relating to the values of its heritage, and the credibility and reliability of information sources that concern.
  5. Depending on the nature of the monument or site and its cultural context, the ruling on the authenticity is linked to a variety of information sources. These include form and design, materials and substance, use and function, traditions and techniques, location and setting, spirit and expression, original condition and become history. These sources are internal to the work or they external factors. The use of these sources permits elaboration of the cultural heritage in its specific dimensions of the artistic, technical, historical and social.


Appendix 1

Suggestions for follow-up (proposed by H. Stovel)

  1. Respect for cultural diversity and heritage requires sustained efforts to avoid that are imposed mechanistic formulas or standardized procedures in attempting to define and evaluate the authenticity of a monument or site.
  2. Appreciation authenticity of respecting the cultures and heritage diversity requires approaches which encourage cultures to develop methods of "analysis and instruments that reflect their nature and their needs. Such approaches may have several aspects in common effort to:
    > Ensure that the assessment of authenticity involve multidisciplinary collaboration and the appropriate utilization of all available expertise and knowledge;
    > Ensure that the values are truly representative of a culture and diversity of its concerns, in particular monuments and sites;
    > Document clearly the specific nature of the authenticity of monuments and sites as a guide to future treatment and monitoring;
    > Refresh appraisals of the degree of authenticity in the light of changing values and circumstances.
  3. It is particularly important to make the effort to ensure that represents the values and recognized that the process of their determination included efforts to build, wherever possible, a multidisciplinary and community consensus their location.
  4. Approaches should be based on international cooperation among all those interested in the conservation of cultural heritage and contribute to this cooperation to improve global respect and understanding of the diversity of values and cultural expressions.
  5. The continuation of this dialogue and its extension in different regions and cultures of the world is a prerequisite to increasing the practical value of attention directed to the authenticity in the conservation of common heritage humanity.
  6. The increased public awareness to this aspect of heritage is absolutely necessary to arrive at concrete measures that can preserve the testimonies of the past. This means that we develop a greater understanding of the values represented in itself the cultural as well as respecting the role of monuments and sites in contemporary society.

Appendix II

Definitions:

  • Conservation: includes all efforts designed to understand a work, know its history and its meaning, to ensure its backup hardware, and possibly its restoration and enhancement. (The cultural heritage includes monuments, the buildings and sites as defined in Article 1 of the World Heritage Convention).
  • Information Sources: all sources, written, oral and figurative to know the nature, specificities, meaning and history of a work.

The Nara Document on Authenticity was drafted by 45 participants at the Nara Conference on Authenticity in the context of the World Heritage Convention, held in Nara, Japan from 0.1 to 6 November 1994 at the invitation of the Directorate of Cultural Affairs of the Government Japanese and Nara Prefecture. The Agency organized the Nara Conference in cooperation with UNESCO, ICCROM and ICOMOS.

This final version of the Nara Document has been prepared by the general rapporteurs of the Conference, Mr. Raymond Lemaire and Herb Stovel.

SOURCE: http://www.international.icomos.org/naradoc_fre.htm

Thursday, December 3, 2009

White Spots Teeth After Whitening

Dialogue between Louis XIV and Bernini.


Bernini:


rubando Sto.


Louis XIV


If my è per restituire.


Bernini:


Pero retituir per meno del rubato.




"I steal" - "Yes, but only to return" - "But to return less than what was stolen."
Dialogue between Louis XIV and Bernini when it takes sketches from the King to make his bust in marble, June 27, 1665.