Today Louis XV'll have 300 years!
King to 5 years of the most powerful country in Europe, "The Beloved" was born February 15, 1710.
Born in Versailles in 1710, died in 1774, Louis XV is the son of the Duke of Burgundy (grand-son of Louis XIV) and Marie Adelaide of Savoy. So the great-grand-son of Louis XIV.
Indeed, the son of Louis XIV died in 1711 of smallpox and in 1712, measles carries the father, mother and brother of the future Louis XV. Itself affected by the disease, it was saved thanks to the care of his housekeeper Mrs. Ventadour that doctors removed from the court. She maintains regular Madame de Maintenon the evolution of the young Louis. He loves his great-grandfather Louis XIV, he calls "His daddy king."
Shortly before his death, the Sun King convene and issue its final advice: it recommends less make war and be a peaceful prince conscious of the happiness of his people. The chronicles tell that Louis came out in tears by this interview.
Heir to the throne five years, under the regency of Philippe, Duke of Orleans, called the "Regent", he participated in the ritual activities of the royal office, but the young Louis emotional, melancholy and secretly resents constraints imposed by the label of his grandfather. At seven years he is separated from his governess.
Indeed, the son of Louis XIV died in 1711 of smallpox and in 1712, measles carries the father, mother and brother of the future Louis XV. Itself affected by the disease, it was saved thanks to the care of his housekeeper Mrs. Ventadour that doctors removed from the court. She maintains regular Madame de Maintenon the evolution of the young Louis. He loves his great-grandfather Louis XIV, he calls "His daddy king."
Shortly before his death, the Sun King convene and issue its final advice: it recommends less make war and be a peaceful prince conscious of the happiness of his people. The chronicles tell that Louis came out in tears by this interview.
Heir to the throne five years, under the regency of Philippe, Duke of Orleans, called the "Regent", he participated in the ritual activities of the royal office, but the young Louis emotional, melancholy and secretly resents constraints imposed by the label of his grandfather. At seven years he is separated from his governess.
will be instructed by Marshal Villeroy and future Cardinal de Fleury, former bishop of Frejus, his tutor, to whom he will always love and trust. His education is serious and complete, He is crowned in Reims in 1722 and declared major in 1723 (the death of the Regent).
September 5, 1725, he did marry Mary Leszczynska, daughter of the King of Poland, a poor and virtuous, aged twenty-one year old, so old enough to give an heir to the throne. It will give him ten children.
In 1726, he called on the government of Cardinal Fleury, who will keep this position until his death in 1743. This period was the quietest and most prosperous reign.
early as 1734, Louis took his first mistress, Madame de Mailly and her sister Madame de Chateauroux, the prelude to a succession of connections arising in the frivolous atmosphere of Versailles.
The death of Cardinal de Fleury was a turning point in the life of Louis XV, he was accustomed to rest on his old tutor, who served as premier for seventeen years!
He finds himself sole ruler, and his will is not enough affirmed. The drama of Metz in 1744, will change the reign of Louis XV, and "Beloved" will lose its popularity. Believing himself to be the article death during the siege of Metz, and to obtain absolution, he must write a public confession of his sins, which makes it appear as an immoral, unworthy of the name of "Most Christian King." This confession broadcast throughout the kingdom by the clergy, stunned the nation and began to discredit the king, who meanwhile had recovered its health!
A little later, in 1746, he met Madame de Pompadour, beautiful, cultured, intelligent but mingling actively in state affairs. Hated for his role in politics and his lavish spending, his presence to the king only accentuates unpopularity emerging. Pamphlets run in Paris and permanently tarnish the image of the king. Louis XV
lack of confidence in him and he in turn sends his ministers, as Maurepas, d'Argenson, Choiseul (referred mainly because he disliked his new mistress, Madame du Barry!) Machault Arnouville of this which causes severe successive political crises. Thus, the necessary reforms can not be on time, despite recent years of the reign which finally Louis XV starts trying to tax reforms, managed by Maupeou (which will be supported by Voltaire) such as taxing the income of the nobility and clergy, provide free justice. This is the "royal revolution! It should be noted that Louis XVI immediately cancel these reforms when he took office!
Reached by smallpox, hated by all, Louis XV at Versailles died amid general indifference in 1774. He was buried secretly in Saint-Denis. Louis XV
remains one of the most endearing of his line: end, sensitive and generous but indecisive, weak character, he failed to modernize the country, taking into account the new French expectations.
Biography taken from: http://www.histoire-en-ligne.com/
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